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      How to Move Objects Between Buckets in Linode's Object Storage


      Updated by Linode

      Contributed by
      Linode

      Marquee image for How to Move Objects Between Buckets in Linode's Object Storage

      Note

      Linode’s Object Storage is a globally-available, S3-compatible method for storing and accessing data. With Object Storage more widely available, you may have buckets in multiple locations, this guide shows you how to move objects between buckets quickly and easily.

      In this guide you learn how to move objects between buckets using:

      Before You Begin

      To learn how to enable Object Storage, see the How to Use Object Storage guide.

      Object Storage is similar to a subscription service. After it is enabled, you are billed at the flat rate regardless of whether or not there are active buckets on your account. Cancel Object Storage to stop billing for this flat rate.

      In all Object Storage URLs the cluster where your bucket is hosted is a part of the URL string.

      Note

      A cluster is defined as all buckets hosted by a unique URL; for example: us-east-1.linodeobjects.com, ap-south-1.linodeobjects.com, or eu-central-1.linodeobjects.com.

      Cyberduck Graphical Interface

      The easiest way to move objects between buckets is using a Graphical User Interface (GUI) such as Cyberduck. Using a GUI, you can simply drag and drop objects between buckets.

      Transfer Between Buckets in the Same Cluster

      To transfer objects within the same cluster on the same account, you need to open only one Cyberduck window.

      1. Open Cyberduck and make a connection to access your buckets as described in How to Use Linode Object Storage.

      2. Expand the two buckets you want to transfer objects between by clicking the down arrow to the left of the folders.

      3. Locate the object you want to transfer.

      4. Drag the item from the source location to the destination.

        Drag a File to Move

      5. Select multiple items or folders and drag the group to the destination.

        Drag Multiple Files to Move

      Transfer Between Buckets in Different Clusters

      To transfer objects between two clusters, whether they are on the same account or not, you need to open two separate Cyberduck widows so that you can make two separate connections.

      Note

      Transferring objects between two different connections creates a copy of the object(s). If you don’t want the original files in the source bucket, you need to delete them after the transfer.

      1. Open Cyberduck, click the File menu and select New Browser. A second interface window appears where you can create another connection.

      2. In the first window, connect to the source bucket and locate the object you want to copy.

      3. In the second window, connect to the destination bucket and navigate to the location you want to place a copy of the object.

      4. Drag the object from the source to the destination.

        Select Objects to Move Between Cyberduck Windows

      Note

      You can easily copy multiple items, folders, or buckets by selecting everything you want to move and dragging the group. If you move a bucket to another bucket, it creates a folder with that bucket name.

      Cyberduck CLI

      You can also use the Cyberduck CLI, duck, to move objects from one bucket to another using the command line. The file transfer tool duck, is available for Linux, macOS, and Windows. To transfer using duck, you need the access keys that you generated for the source and destination buckets.

      1. Install duck using the instructions for your platform.

      2. Use the access keys and bucket names in the following command to move objects between buckets:

        duck --copy s3://[email protected]$bucket_source/source_object_file_name s3://[email protected]$bucket_destination/destination_object_file_name
        

        After issuing this command, you may be asked for login information.

      Note

      The bucket source and destination names are the fully qualified names including the cluster name, for example: us-east-1.linodeobjects.com/example_bucket.

      More Information

      You may wish to consult the following resources for additional information on this topic. While these are provided in the hope that they will be useful, please note that we cannot vouch for the accuracy or timeliness of externally hosted materials.

      This guide is published under a CC BY-ND 4.0 license.



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      An Overview of Linode's Cloud Manager for Classic Manager Users


      Updated by Linode

      Contributed by
      Linode

      Linode’s Classic Manager will be retired on January 31, 2020. At that time, all users will be migrated to the new Cloud Manager when logging in to manage your infrastructure on Linode.

      There have been substantial updates to Cloud Manager since it was introduced back in 2014. Cloud Manager has many new features, including an updated look-and-feel, modern user-interface, mobile support, and easy access to our recently released products. It’s also implemented solely atop our public APIv4.

      Development work for Cloud Manager will continue beyond January 31, 2020. As always, your feedback for Cloud Manager or any other aspect of our platform is welcome at [email protected]

      Note

      We will continue to support APIv3 and the APIv3-based CLI beyond January 31, 2020.

      In this Guide

      If you are a Classic Manager user, this guide will provide an overview of the features and services available in Linode’s Cloud Manager. Some of the topics that will be discussed are:

      • An introduction to each section of the Cloud Manager, including links to related guides throughout our documentation library.
      • Specific features that you may need help finding due to differences in location between Classic Manager and Cloud Manager
      • Settings that might make your overall Cloud Manager experience better

      Linodes

      The Linodes section of Cloud Manager allows you to create and manage your Linodes. Each Linode instance in Cloud Manager includes:

      • Summary information about your Linode, like CPU usage, IPv4 and IPv6 traffic, and Disk IO
      • Access to any of your Linode’s attached Volumes and the ability to create a Volume
      • Networking information and features, including the ability to add IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, IP transfer and IP sharing
      • The ability to resize your Linode, boot your Linode into Rescue Mode, and rebuild your Linode
      • Access to Linode’s Backup service
      • An Activity Feed that displays any relevant events related to this Linode
      • Settings that allow you to update your Linode’s label, reset your Linode’s root password, manage system usage email notifications, manage Watchdog (Linode’s automatic reboot feature), and delete your Linode
      • An area to manage and create disks and configuration profiles
      • Cross data center migrations

      Find Your Disks

      In Classic Manager, Disks were located in the Linode Dashboard tab. In the Cloud Manager, Disks are now in the Disks/Configs tab of the Linode.

      1. Click the Linodes link in the sidebar menu and select the Linode whose disks you’d like to see.

      2. Then click the Disks/Configs tab. The disks are located in the Disks panel. Here you can add a disk, or for each individual disk, you can click the more options ellipses to get a drop down menu which will allow you to choose options such as Rename, Resize, Imagize, Clone, and Delete.

        Location of Cloud Manager Disks

      Reboot Your Linode

      You can reboot a Linode from two places within the Cloud manager.

      1. From your Linodes listing page, click the More Options Ellipses and select Reboot.

        Cloud Manager Linode List Menu Reboot Option

        If you have more than one Configuration Profile, a panel will appear to allow you to select which Configuration to boot. Select a Config and click the Submit button. Otherwise, a confirmation dialog will appear.

        Cloud Manager Reboot Detail Panel

      2. You can also reboot your Linode from within any Linode detail screen by clicking on the Status Icon. A drop down menu will appear, select Reboot.

        Cloud Manager Linode Detail Menu Reboot Option

        Again, if you have more than one Configuration Profile, a panel will appear to allow you to select which Configuration to boot. Select a Config and click the Submit button. Otherwise, a confirmation dialog will appear.

      Delete a Public IP Address

      You can delete public IP addresses in both Classic and Cloud managers. In Classic Manager, this was done under the Remote Access tab from the Linode you wished to modify. In Cloud Manager it is done in the Networking tab.

      1. Click Linodes from the sidebar menu.

      2. Choose the Linode you wish to modify to enter the Linode detail screen. Then, click on the Networking tab. Your IPv4 and IPv6 addresses will be listed here.

      3. Next to the public IPv4 address you wish to delete, click on the more options ellipses. Select the option to Delete IP from the drop down menu.

        Cloud Manager Delete a Public IP Address

      4. A confirmation popup will appear where you can confirm the operation.

        Note

        You must have at least one public IP on a Linode. If you attempt to delete the last public IP on a Linode you will receive an error message after you confirm the deletion.

      Volumes

      The Volumes section of Cloud Manager gives you access to Linode’s Block Storage service. To learn how to create, and manage Block Storage volumes using Cloud Manager, see our How to Use Block Storage with Your Linode guide.

      Find Volumes

      In Classic Manager, Volumes were found within a Linode’s Dashboard tab. In Cloud Manager, Volumes are their own top-level menu item in the sidebar.

      Cloud Manager Volumes

      Note

      Object Storage

      The Object Storage section of Cloud Manager gives you access to Linode’s Object Storage service which is a globally-available, S3-compatible method for storing and accessing data. The Object Storage service is not available in Classic Manager.

      To learn how to begin using Object Storage, view our How to Use Linode Object Storage guide. To access all available Object Storage guides, see the Object Storage section of our documentation site.

      NodeBalancers

      Linode’s NodeBalancers service provides load balancing for your applications and services ensuring that they are highly available for users. To learn how to get started with NodeBalancers using Cloud Manager, see our Getting Started with NodeBalancers guide.

      Domains (DNS Manager)

      The DNS Manager allows you to control and manage your domains. In Cloud Manager, the DNS Manager is located in the Domains link in the sidebar.

      Cloud Manager Domains

      For more information on Cloud Manager’s DNS Manager, see the following guides:

      Zone Files

      Cloud Manager does not include the Check Zone and Zone File features, since it automatically ensures that your Domain’s zone file does not contain any errors:

      • When creating a Zone File for a Domain, the Linode API v4 checks for any errors that may exist. If an error is found, the Cloud Manager will respond with the corresponding error. This means that the Cloud Manager will not allow you to create an invalid zone file.

      • Once your Domain and corresponding Zone File is created, you can use the dig command to further verify that each domain record contains the information you expect, for example:

        dig example.com
        dig example.com MX
        

        See the Use dig to Perform Manual DNS Queries guide for more details on the dig command.

      Longview

      The Longview section of Cloud Manager gives you access to Linode’s system data graphing service. It tracks metrics for CPU, memory, and network bandwidth, both aggregate and per-process, and it provides real-time graphs that can help expose performance problems. The Longview service offers both free and paid plan tiers.

      Longview is still being actively developed to reach parity with Classic Manager. To get started using Longview in Cloud Manager, see the Understanding Linode Longview guide.

      One-Click Apps

      The One-Click Apps section of Cloud Manager gives you access to apps that make it easy to deploy and configure software on a Linode. Some popular One-Click Apps are WordPress, Minecraft, and GitLab. We are actively adding new and useful One-Click apps. When a One-Click App is deployed, a new Linode is created and the appropriate software is installed with the configurations you provide. One-Click Apps are not available in Classic Manager.

      See How to Use Linode’s One-Click Apps to get started using One-Click Apps in Cloud Manager.

      Kubernetes

      The Kubernetes section of Cloud Manager gives you access to our managed Kubernetes service, the Linode Kubernetes Engine (LKE). LKE is a fully-managed container orchestration engine for deploying and managing containerized applications and workloads. LKE combines Linode’s ease of use and simple pricing with the infrastructure efficiency of Kubernetes. LKE is not available in Classic Manager.

      To get started using LKE, see our Tutorial for Deploying and Managing a Cluster with Linode Kubernetes Engine.

      StackScripts

      StackScripts provide Linode users with the ability to automate the deployment of custom systems on top of our default Linux distribution images. StackScripts are usually Bash scripts, stored in the Linode Cloud Manager, and can be accessed when you deploy a Linode. Linodes deployed with a StackScript run the script as part of the first boot process.

      To get started using StackScripts in Cloud Manager, see the Automate Deployment with StackScripts guide.

      Find StackScripts

      In Classic Manager, access to StackScripts was found under the Linodes tab. In Cloud Manager, StackScripts are their own top-level menu item in the sidebar.

      Cloud Manager StackScripts

      Images

      The Images section of Cloud Manager gives you access to Linode Images which allow you to take snapshots of your disks, and then deploy them to any Linode under your account. This can be useful for bootstrapping a master image for a large deployment, or retaining a disk for a configuration that you may not need running, but wish to return to in the future.

      To get started using Images with Cloud Manager, see Linode Images.

      Find Images

      In Classic Manager, access to image management was found in the Linodes tab. In Cloud Manager, Images are their own top-level menu item in the sidebar.

      Cloud Manager Images

      Account (Management and Billing)

      The Account section of Cloud Manager allows you to manage your account’s billing information and users, and to configure various account-wide settings.

      You can manage the following account and billing settings in the Account section of Cloud Manager:

      Find Credit Remaining

      In the Cloud Manager, to find the amount of available credit that you have:

      1. Click on the Account link from the sidebar menu.

      2. On the right hand side of the screen you’ll see the Billing Information section. If you have credit stored on your account, it’ll appear in green under the Current Balance field.

      Credits Listed under Current Balance

      Printing an Invoice

      In Cloud Manager you can download a printable PDF of your invoice from your list of invoices or from within an individual invoice.

      1. Navigate to your Account by clicking on Account in the sidebar.

      2. Click on the Recent Invoices menu item in the Billing section. This will expand to show you a list of your recent invoices. Each invoice has a Download PDF link next to it.

        Cloud Manager Download Invoice from Recent Invoices List

      3. You can also click on any invoice to view it within the Cloud Manager. At the top of the invoice there is a Download PDF button.

        Cloud Manager Download Invoice from Detail View

      Import Display Groups

      If you have used the Display Groups feature in the Classic Manager, you can import your Display Groups to the Cloud Manager as tags:

      1. Navigate to the Account page in the sidebar links menu, then click on the Settings tab.

      2. Expand the panel labeled Import Display Groups as Tags and then click Import Display Groups:

        Cloud Manager Import Display Groups

      3. A form will appear that lists your Display Groups and asks you to confirm the import action. To proceed, click the Import Display Groups Now button in this form.

        Note

        Importing your Display Groups is a one-time operation. If you don’t have any Display Groups configured in the Classic Manager this feature will not appear in the Cloud Manager.

      Password Management

      The Cloud Manager does not support forcing password expirations. Forcing password resets on a schedule is bad practice from a security perspective. Current security research indicates that forced password changes do more harm than good. If you want to force password resets for users of your Linode account, we recommend using a password manager for this purpose.

      My Profile

      The My Profile section of Cloud Manager provides access to various settings related to your Linode account’s profile. This area of Cloud Manager contains access to the following features and settings:

      API Keys / API Tokens

      API Keys from Classic Manager do not transfer. This means that if you have keys generated in Classic, you will not see them in Cloud Manager. In Cloud Manager, API Keys are called API Tokens (personal access tokens) and can be used for a variety of different uses.

      1. To generate a new personal access token, navigate to your profile by clicking on your username and select My Profile from the drop down menu. Then click on the API Tokens tab.

        Cloud Manager Add a Personal Access Token

      2. Click Add a Personal Access Token. A panel will display allowing you to give this token a label and choose the access rights you want users authenticated with the new token to have.

        Cloud Manager Add a Personal Access Token Panel

      3. When you have finished, click Submit to generate a new Personal Access Token. Copy the token and save it to a secure location before closing the popup. You will not be able to view this token through the Cloud Manager after closing the popup.

      Manage Email Event Notifications

      Email event notifications alert you when new events such as booting, shutting down, or updates to a Linode occur on your account. You can enable or disable email event notifications using the Cloud Manager.

      In Classic Manager email events notifications were managed in the Notifications tab under my profile. In Cloud Manager this is done in the Settings tab from My Profile.

      Cloud Manager Notification Settings

      User Interface Enhancements

      Compact Mode and Dark Mode

      Cloud Manager by default uses more whitespace on the screen. However, there is a Compact Mode which compresses this extra space and allows more information to be displayed on the screen. This setting is located at the bottom left hand corner of the screen when the gear icon is clicked. This is also where you can toggle on Dark Mode.

      Compact Mode Enabled

      Accessibility

      The Linode Cloud Manager has been built with accessibility in mind. Currently, the Cloud Manager is actively being developed to achieve WCAG 2.0 Level AA.

      We have received a lot of helpful feedback from our users regarding accessibility. While we have addressed a lot of your feedback, this is still a work in progress and will be iterated upon with time. Please contact [email protected] with any comments or requests regarding accessibility.

      Next Steps

      See the following guides for more features of Cloud Manager:

      If you still need help finding features in or using Cloud Manager, please contact Linode Support.

      This guide is published under a CC BY-ND 4.0 license.



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      How to Use Linode's One-Click Apps


      Updated by Linode

      Contributed by

      Linode

      One-Click Apps help you easily deploy and configure software on a Linode from a list of various apps that are built into the Linode Cloud Manager, without the hassle of using the command line. Of course, you’ll still have full access to your Linode if you want to log in to your server and have a more hands-on approach later on.

      When a One-Click App is deployed, a new Linode is created and the appropriate software is installed with the configurations you provide. One-Click Apps does not install software to already-existing Linodes in your account. This guide presents instructions for where to find One-Click Apps in the Cloud Manager and how deploy WordPress blogs, WooCommerce stores, your favorite game servers, and more.

      Deploying an App

      1. Log in the the Linode Cloud Manager.

      2. Click Create at the top of the screen and choose Linode from the dropdown menu that appears:

        Click 'Create' at the top of the screen and choose 'Linode' from the dropdown menu.

      3. The Linode creation page will appear. Select the One-Click tab:

        Select the 'One-Click' tab on the Create New Linode page.

      4. The Create From section of the page’s form will appear. Ensure that the One-Click Apps tab is selected in this section:

        The `One-Click` menu.

      5. Select the app you would like to create. For this example, WordPress will be selected:

        Select WordPress.

      6. After the Select App section you’ll find a new section with additional configuration options specific to your app. Fill out the required options; they will be marked with an asterisk. In the case of WordPress, you’ll find fields for the WordPress administrator’s username, password, and e-mail address.

        Fill out the required Options fields, which are marked with an asterisk.

        You can fill out additional options by clicking on Show Advanced Options. For the WordPress example, these options are the site’s title and a field for an SSH key. If you enter an SSH key, you will be able to use it later to log in to your Linode (via SSH).

      7. The Select an Image section displays that Debian is pre-selected. This is the underlying operating system that your Linode will run.

      8. Under the Region section, choose which data center you would like your app to be deployed. Choose a region that is close to your audience’s geographic location. When you are closer to your data center, your network speeds will generally be higher, and your network latency will be lower.

      9. Choose which plan you’d like to use under the Linode Plan section. Your plan specifies the hardware resources assigned to your server. The resources that you need are determined by the requirements of your app. Linode’s plans are split into four types: Nanode, Standard, Dedicated CPU, and High Memory.

        For small sites like WordPress blogs a 1GB Nanode is usually enough, and for video game servers a 2GB or 4GB Standard Linode is often a good choice. Some game servers may benefit from the Dedicated CPU plans. Our How to Choose a Linode Plan guide presents more information about the different use-cases for each plan.

        Note

        You can always upgrade your Linode later if you need more memory, CPU cores, or any of the other hardware resources. Also, you can downgrade your plan if you think you don’t need as much as you’re currently using. Furthermore, you can change plan types entirely, like going from a Standard Linode to a Dedicated CPU Linode.

        Review the Resizing a Linode guide for upgrading and downgrading instructions. When downgrading your plan, the size of your Linode’s disk must fit within the new plan’s disk space allocation.

      10. For this example, a 1GB Nanode is selected.

        Choose a plan.

      11. Create a label and (optionally) select tags for your Linode. The label is your Linode’s name and must be unique among all the Linodes on your account. Tags are used to organize your Linodes within the Cloud Manager.

      12. Create a root password. This is not the password for your WordPress site, game, or other application. Instead, this is the password for the Linode server. You will need it if you ever decide to perform maintenance on your server in the future.

        It is strongly recommended that you create a long, complex, and unique password and store it somewhere secure for future reference. If you forget your root password, check out our Reset the Root Password on Your Linode guide to create a new one.

        Note

        A strong password is the first step in securing your server and avoiding potential vulnerabilities for anyone trying to exploit your server. For more information on securing your server, check out our How to Secure Your Server guide.
      13. Click Create. You will be taken to the Linode’s Dashboard where you can monitor the status of your Linode’s creation.

        Once your Linode has been created, the Cloud Manager will then start to deploy your app in the background. This will take several minutes. Once your app has been deployed it will be available at the IP address of the Linode you created. If you visit your IP address before the app is ready, try again a few minutes later.

      Accessing Your App

      Depending on the type of app you created, the app will be accessible in different ways. All the ways to access your app require the IP address of your Linode. Follow the instructions below to find your IP address.

      1. Log in to the Cloud Manager.

      2. Navigate to the Linodes page by clicking on the Linodes link in the sidebar.

      3. Find the Linode that you created. The IP address is a series of four numbers separated by periods. In the grid view of the Linodes page, your IP address will be located underneath the data center name for your Linode:

        Highlight of a Linode's IP address in grid view.

      4. In list view, your IP address will be under the IP Addresses column in the row that lists your Linode:

        Highlight of a Linode's IP address in list view.

      5. Alternatively, you can find your IP address by navigating to the Networking tab of your Linode’s detail page. The address is displayed under the Address column in the IPv4 table:

        View your IP address from the Networking tab of the Linode detail page.

      6. Copy your IP address. For apps like WordPress, WooCommerce, and Drupal, you can navigate to the IP address in your browser to visit your installation. For game servers, connect to the IP address in-game to play on your new server. Other apps like MERN, LAMP, and WireGuard will require you to SSH into your Linode to access or provide more customized configurations.

      Adding a Domain Name for Your App

      For websites like WordPress, WooCommerce, and Drupal, it’s much more desirable to have a domain name rather than using an IP address to access your app.

      For information on how to add a domain name to your app, visit our DNS Manager guide. Specifically, you will want to set up an A record and assign your IP address to it. For more general information about how DNS works, review the the DNS Records: An Introduction guide.

      Connecting to your Server Remotely

      Every One-Click App is deployed to its own Linode instance, and you can access the operating system for your app’s server if you choose to. To gain command-line access to your server, log in using a Secure Shell (SSH) client on your computer.

      When logging in over SSH, use root as the username, and supply the root password that you specified when you deployed your app. Follow our Getting Started guide to learn more about connecting to your Linode via SSH. If you use Windows at home, our Using SSH on Windows guide has special instructions for Windows SSH clients. If you’re new to Linux, some of the guides in our Linux and Linux Essentials sections may be useful.

      Find answers, ask questions, and help others.

      This guide is published under a CC BY-ND 4.0 license.



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